Plants, VEN-YUC

Life on Earth owes much to plants. The vast majority of plants carry out photosynthesis to transform light energy into chemical energy, which is the way that virtually all energy in the biosphere becomes available to living things (including us humans). Plants occupy the base of Earth's food webs and are consumed directly or indirectly by all higher life-forms, thereby functioning as the major source of food for humans and other animals. Plants' photosynthetic activity also produces the air that we breathe: almost all the oxygen in the atmosphere is due to the process of photosynthesis. Still not convinced about the merits of plants? Consider the fact that many plants not only serve up crucial nutrients and breathable air but also look good doing it. Many plants are admired for their striking aesthetic qualities, and flowers such as tulips, lilies, sunflowers, and daisies beautify fields, gardens, windowsills, and bouquets the world over. Plants are also a primary source of consumer goods, such as building materials, textile fibers, and pharmaceuticals.
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Plants Encyclopedia Articles By Title

Venus flytrap
Venus flytrap, (Dionaea muscipula), perennial carnivorous plant of the sundew family (Droseraceae), notable for......
Venus’s looking glass
Venus’s looking glass, (Legousia, or Specularia, speculum-veneris), species of annual herb of the bellflower family......
Veratrum
Veratrum, genus of poisonous herbs of the family Melanthiaceae. The genus includes about 25 to 30 perennial species,......
verbena
verbena, any of several flowering plants of the genera Verbena and Glandularia in the family Verbenaceae, the majority......
Verbenaceae
Verbenaceae, family of plants, in the order Lamiales, a worldwide but mainly tropical grouping of 30 genera and......
vetch
vetch, (genus Vicia), genus of about 140 species of herbaceous plants in the pea family (Fabaceae). The fava bean......
vetiver
vetiver, (Chrysopogon zizanioides), perennial grass of the family Poaceae, the roots of which contain an oil used......
viburnum
viburnum, (genus Viburnum), any of about 175 shrubs and small trees belonging to the family Adoxaceae, native to......
vine
vine, Plant whose stem requires support and that climbs by tendrils or twining or creeps along the ground, or the......
viola
viola, (genus Viola), genus of about 500 species of herbs or low shrubs in the family Violaceae, including the......
Virginia creeper
Virginia creeper, (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), woody vine in the grape family (Vitaceae). It is commonly found......
Viscaceae
Viscaceae, one of the mistletoe families of flowering plants of the sandalwood order (Santalales), including about......
Vitaceae
Vitaceae, the grape family of flowering plants, in the buckthorn order (Rhamnales), comprising 12 genera of woody......
Vitales
Vitales, grape order of flowering plants, a basal member in the rosid group of the core eudicots in the Angiosperm......
Voltzia
Voltzia, a genus of fossil cone-bearing plants dating to the Early Triassic epoch (beginning 251 million years......
Vriesea
Vriesea, genus of epiphytes (plants that are supported by another plant and have aerial roots exposed to the humid......
walking fern
walking fern, fern that is a member either of the species Asplenium rhizophyllum, of eastern North America, or......
wallflower
wallflower, (genus Erysimum), genus of about 180 species of plants belonging to the mustard family (Brassicaceae),......
walnut
walnut, (genus Juglans), genus of about 20 species of deciduous trees of the family Juglandaceae, native to North......
Warming, Johannes Eugenius Bülow
Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming was a Danish botanist whose work on the relations between living plants and their......
wasabi
wasabi, (Eutrema japonicum), plant of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) and a pungent paste made of its ground......
water chestnut
water chestnut, any of several species of water plants that are cultivated for their edible parts. Water chestnuts......
water fern
water fern, (genus Ceratopteris), small genus of aquatic ferns (family Pteridaceae). Ceratopteris consists of at......
water hemlock
water hemlock, (genus Cicuta), genus of four species of poisonous plants in the parsley family (Apiaceae), common......
water hyacinth
water hyacinth, any aquatic plant of the genus Eichhornia of the pickerelweed family (Pontederiaceae), consisting......
water lily
water lily, (family Nymphaeaceae), family of about 60 species in 4 genera of freshwater flowering plants (order......
water milfoil
water milfoil, (genus Myriophyllum), genus of about 45 widely distributed species of submerged freshwater flowering......
water moss
water moss, (Fontinalis), genus of mosses belonging to the subclass Bryidae, often found in flowing freshwater......
water oak
water oak, (Quercus nigra), ornamental tree, native to the southeastern coastal plains of the United States. The......
water parsnip
water parsnip, any of several aromatic herbs of the genus Sium, especially S. latifolium, belonging to the parsley......
water plantain
water plantain, (genus Alisma), any freshwater perennial herb of the genus Alisma (family Alismataceae), commonly......
water shield
water shield, (Brasenia schreberi), small purple-flowered aquatic plant of the fanwort family (Cabombaceae), found......
watercress
watercress, (Nasturtium officinale), perennial aquatic plant of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia......
waterleaf
waterleaf, any of about eight species of herbaceous plants constituting a genus (Hydrophyllum) in the borage family......
watermelon
watermelon, (Citrullus lanatus), succulent fruit and vinelike plant of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), native......
wax gourd
wax gourd, (Benincasa hispida), fleshy vine of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), grown for its edible fruits. The......
waxplant
waxplant, (genus Hoya), genus of more than 200 species of perennial plants in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae).......
weed
weed, general term for any plant growing where it is not wanted. Ever since humans first attempted the cultivation......
Weigela
Weigela, genus with about 10 species of East Asian flowering shrubs belonging to the family Diervillaceae, some......
welwitschia
welwitschia, (Welwitschia mirabilis), unusual gymnosperm plant that is the sole member of the gnetophyte family......
Welwitschiaceae
Welwitschiaceae, family of gymnosperm plants in the order Gnetales. The only extant genus, Welwitschia, comprises......
Went, F.A.F.C.
F.A.F.C. Went was a Dutch botanist who initiated the study of plant hormones and advanced the study of botany in......
Western Australian pitcher plant
Western Australian pitcher plant, (Cephalotus follicularis), carnivorous plant, native to damp sandy or swampy......
Western red cedar
Western red cedar, (Thuja plicata), an ornamental and timber evergreenconifer of the cypress family (Cupressaceae),......
What Is the Difference Between Hemp and Marijuana?
Hemp and marijuana plants are usually understood to be varieties of the same species: Cannabis sativa. The term......
What’s the Difference Between Sweet Potatoes and Yams?
If you’re in the U.S., chances are that the “yams” you eat at Thanksgiving are actually sweet potatoes. Shocked?......
wheat
wheat, any of several species of cereal grasses of the genus Triticum (family Poaceae) and their edible grains.......
wheatgrass
wheatgrass, (genus Agropyron), genus of wheatlike grasses in the family Poaceae, found throughout the North Temperate......
whisk fern
whisk fern, either of the two species of the primitive fern genus Psilotum in the family Psilotaceae of the order......
white birch
white birch, any of several species of ornamental and timber trees of the genus Betula in the family Betulaceae.......
white mustard
white mustard, (Sinapis alba), annual herbaceous plant of the family Brassicaceae grown primarily for its pungent......
white oak
white oak, any member of a group or subgenus (Leucobalanus) of North American ornamental and timber shrubs and......
white snakeroot
white snakeroot, (Ageratina altissima), poisonous North American herb of the aster family (Asteraceae). White snakeroot......
whitlow grass
whitlow grass, (genus Draba), genus of more than 300 species of plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). They......
Why Are Bees Important?
Bees are crucial to our world for several reasons, primarily due to their role as pollinators. The approximately......
Why Are Navy Beans Called Navy Beans?
Navy beans—also known as Boston beans, haricots, pea beans, and (in Australia) Yankee beans—received their name......
Why Are Plants Green?
Plants are green because of a pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells called chlorophyll. It plays a crucial......
Why Are Tomatoes Red?
Most tomatoes are red when they are ripe, because of the presence of lycopene, which is a phytochemical (a biologically......
Why Do Cats Like Catnip?
The aromatic leaves of the catnip (Nepeta cataria), a herb of the mint family, are known to be particularly exciting......
Why Do Onions Make You Cry?
You’re happily chopping onions for your dinner when BAM! Your eyes are stinging, and tears are running down your......
Why Do Plants Wilt?
You leave for work in the morning and your plant looks perfectly happy, but by the time you come home, it’s sad......
Why Do Sliced Apples Turn Brown?
You open your lunch box to discover that the lovely apple you sliced this morning now appears unsightly and brown.......
Why Is Grass Green?
Grass is green because of the presence of chlorophyll throughout the leaves and stems. Chlorophyll is a pigment......
wild cashew
wild cashew, (Anacardium excelsum), tropical forest tree of the cashew family (Anacardiaceae), native to Central......
wild cucumber
wild cucumber, (species Echinocystis lobata), climbing plant of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), native to eastern......
wild ginger
wild ginger, any of about 75 species of the genus Asarum, perennial herbs of the birthwort family (Aristolochiaceae),......
wild mango
wild mango, (genus Irvingia), genus of several species of tropical African trees of the family Irvingiaceae. Dika......
wild oat
wild oat, (genus Avena), genus of tufted annual grasses of the family Poaceae, native to Eurasia and Africa. Wild......
wild radish
wild radish, (Raphanus raphanistrum), widespread annual plant of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia.......
wild rice
wild rice, (genus Zizania), genus of four species of coarse grasses of the family Poaceae, the grain of which is......
wild rye
wild rye, (genus Elymus), genus of some 50–100 species of perennial grasses in the family Poaceae, native to temperate......
wildflower
wildflower, any flowering plant that has not been genetically manipulated. Generally the term applies to plants......
willow
willow, shrubs and trees of the genus Salix, family Salicaceae, mostly native to north temperate areas and valued......
willow oak
willow oak, (Quercus phellos), ornamental and timber tree noted for its willowlike leaves. Willow oak is native......
wind-blown moss
wind-blown moss, any plant of the genus Dicranum (subclass Bryidae), numbering 94 species distributed primarily......
windmill grass
windmill grass, (genus Chloris), genus of about 55 species of annual and perennial grasses of the family Poaceae,......
winter aconite
winter aconite, (genus Eranthis), genus of about seven species of perennial herbaceous plants of the buttercup......
winter cress
winter cress, (genus Barbarea), genus of about 20 species of weedy herbs of the mustard family (Brassicaceae),......
winter hazel
winter hazel, any of about 10 species of the genus Corylopsis, deciduous shrubs or small trees of the witch hazel......
Winteraceae
Winteraceae, family of aromatic trees and shrubs in the order Canellales, containing 9 genera and 120 species.......
wintergreen
wintergreen, any of several evergreen, aromatic plants of the heath family (Ericaceae). Oil of wintergreen, derived......
wisteria
wisteria, (genus Wisteria), genus of 8–10 species of twining, usually woody vines of the pea family (Fabaceae).......
witch hazel
witch hazel, (genus Hamamelis), any of five species of the genus Hamamelis (family Hamamelidaceae), all of which......
witchweed
witchweed, (genus Striga), genus of about 30 species of parasitic plants in the family Orobanchaceae, most of which......
Withania somnifera
Withania somnifera, evergreen shrub in the nightshade family (Solanaceae), native to India, North Africa, and the......
woad
woad, (Isatis tinctoria), biennial or perennial herb in the mustard family (Brassicaceae), formerly grown as a......
Wollemi pine
Wollemi pine, (Wollemia nobilis), rare evergreen coniferous tree, the only member of its genus. Wollemi pine was......
wood sorrel
wood sorrel, any of several flowering plants of the genus Oxalis (family Oxalidaceae). The common wood sorrel (O.......
woodruff
woodruff, any of various species of plants of a genus (Asperula) belonging to the madder family, Rubiaceae. The......
Woodsiaceae
Woodsiaceae, the cliff fern family, containing 15 genera and about 700 species, in the division Pteridophyta. Members......
wormwood
wormwood, any of several species of bitter or aromatic herbs or shrubs of the genus Artemisia of the aster family......
xerophyte
xerophyte, any plant adapted to life in a dry or physiologically dry habitat (salt marsh, saline soil, or acid......
yam
yam, any of several plant species of the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) grown for their edible tubers.......
yarrow
yarrow, any of about 115 species of perennial herbs constituting the genus Achillea in the family Asteraceae, and......
yellow birch
yellow birch, (Betula alleghaniensis), ornamental and timber tree of the family Betulaceae, native to northeastern......
yellow cress
yellow cress, (genus Rorippa), genus of some 85 species of plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). Most members......
yellow-flowered gourd
yellow-flowered gourd, (subspecies Cucurbita pepo ovifera), annual trailing vine of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae),......
yellowwood
yellowwood, any of about 100 species of coniferous evergreen timber trees and shrubs constituting the conifer genus......
yew
yew, any tree or shrub of the genus Taxus (family Taxaceae), approximately eight species of ornamental evergreens,......
ylang-ylang
ylang-ylang, (Cananga odorata), South Asian tree of the custard apple family (Annonaceae), known for its intensely......

Plants Encyclopedia Articles By Title